Dowry system-Composition-Essay

Introduction : Nowadays the horrible social aspect that holds the prominent talk in different dailies is the curse of dowry system. Many young married girls have become victims of it. Some newly married daughters are maltreated and tortured by their husbands for the cause of dowry. Dowry system originated in the society through feeling of inferiority for womanhood. It is really a shame that we are approaching a grim chapter of modern civilization. 

Prime cause behind women oppression : Dowry system has virtually turned women into Inferior beings and commodities. Newly married young women are subjugated and humiliated by their husbands for the non-payment or deferred payment of dowry. In fact it becomes a cancerous spot in the body of the society and social organizations are breaking down due to this animality. 

Socio-economic status of women in Bangladesh : Like other underdeveloped, feudal and backward societies the women folk of Bangladesh also remain at low graded life. The main reason is women s feeble participation in the national economy. Actually man's financial ability any independence is inseparably related to an kind of prestige. The women of Bangladesh are not economically Independent and they are de dent on the males for many reasons. Women of the two religions — Hindus and Muslims o Bangladesh are the victims of disparity in the hereditary laws. They suffer terribly from financial Incapacity due to this discrepancy. Again male dominated society where the clutches of so-called dowry system exists till now deprives women of their basic human rights and individuality. 

Remedial measures : To stop women oppression through dowry system is the prime Job of all conscious people now. To tackle dowry system and women oppression application of law is very important. In our country, two laws are existing at present, such as : Dowry Prohibition Act, 1980 and the Cruelty to Women Deterrent Punishment Ordinance, 1983. In these laws there are strict provisions of punishment for handing and taking of dowries, women oppression and women trafficking. So Impartial judicial measures are to be taken in all spheres. Besides, social campaign. protest and prevention programmes of different public and private organizations should be launched urgently against dowry system. The need for women education and employment of educated women should be stressed. After all, poverty alleviation and drive against ignorance and prejudices are the preconditions of fight against dowry system. 

Conclusion: To save women from the curse of dowry system is a burning issue. Women should be given due right and social status by removing the inhuman convention of dowry. For this man and woman of all walks of life along with women movement should come forward. So long as the very social disease like dowry system is not abolished, our women will not enjoy due feminine rights. Anti-dowry campaign should be started and people should be made aware of the evils of dowry.

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Gender Equity

Introduction: Equity means fairness of treatment. Gender denotes the male and the female. Gender equity, therefore, implies fairness of treatment between men and women. In other words, it signifies a condition in which both men and women are looked at with the same attitude and mind-set in all circumstances without showing any unfair dealing towards the female. It rules out any kind of discrimination between the male and the female in respect of rights, privileges and opportunities.

Gender inequity and women's movement: History shows that women have been treated very unfairly and even cruelly in many societies and countries. They have been deprived of many political, economic, social and even familial rights and privileges. Therefore, women raised their voice from time to time in different parts of the world to stop discrimination against them and to ensure gender equity. From time to time they organized themselves and launched movements for obtaining rights and privileges to be enjoyed equally with men. These movements acquired a great momentum and strong force during the early years of the last century across the world. One of such important movements was the agitation for achievement of universal suffrage for women. In fact the women have agitated and held rallies throughout the world since the early years of the 20th century to focus on discrimination against them and inequity regarding their rights, facilities and opportunities.

Gender inequity in Bangladesh : in Bangladesh gender inequity begins at birth. Most parents want to have children in order to help them with the domestic work, to supplement their family income and to take care of them when they grow old and invalid. In the prevalent socio-economic pattern, male children are best suited to this purpose. So girls are born to an unwelcome world and confined only to domestic chores. Some of them may be at school. But all their work— domestic or academic— stops as soon as they are married off. The prime concern of their parents is to marry them off and to get rid of them at the earliest opportunity. Many parents believe that their main responsibility is to prepare their daughter for marriage and not for her own individual life. But marriage often becomes an institution of inhuman tortures meted out to the helpless wife by the dominating husband for many of his demands, such as those for a male child, for dowry and so on. Besides, the girls are given to understand that they should set apart the best available food for the male members and eat less than others. They should not raise their voice when they speak, they should not go out without the permission of the male members and without being escorted by them. The husbands think that the wives are meant only for doing house-hold work within the confines of the house, for child bearing, child-rearing and for home-making. Early marriage and child-birth make women tied to home. In consequence, the women develop a sense of self-effacement, self-denial and inferiority that persists throughout their life.

Conclusion: At present things are changing very fast. Women across the world have organized themselves to vindicate their position in society and obliterate gender inequity. The International Women's Day bears testimony to it. In Bangladesh, also the scenario is putting on a different aspect. Many women are going for out-of-home work. They are working in mills and factories, in educational institutions, in government and non-government office, in various organizations, in banks and hospitals, in political and social spheres and so on and so forth. More and more female students are figuring up in schools, colleges and universities. To encourage female education the government has also taken some pragmatic measures, such as making female education free upto HSC level, giving stipends to girl students, recruiting more and more female teachers and so on. Various socio-cultural organizations are working earnestly to eradicate discrimination between male and female. It is expected that the days of gender equity in all spheres of life are not very far to come.

Poverty in India Free College Essay

India was one of the 'wonders of the world' for her legendary wealth and resources. Naturally plunders (looters) cast their covetous eyes on India as tourists were attracted to her. Exploitation down the ages has, however, drained India dry and today her place is among the poorest countries with nominal per capita income and high density of population. India today, in the words of Dr. Radhakrishnan, our former President, a rich country inhabited by poor men ; chronic as well as severe poverty is her lot. 

There was, however, a time in ancient India when it was difficult for an Indian to be poor. The common people in India have been ever hardworking and peace-loving but somewhat fatalistic. They were reconciled to their chill penury (poverty) and accepted it as their fate. The greedy foreign rulers took advantage of this position. Grinding poverty fell to their lot due to consistent exploitation and deprivation. 

Prof. Amartya Sen, the Nobel Laureate economist, has viewed Indian poverty from three standpoints—(i) poor as deprived (ii) poor as degraded (iii) poor as dominated. Inequality degrades the poor. Long long ago, poet Kalidas characterised poverty as a curse that spoils all the good qualities. A poor person lacks consumption, commodities, education, food, health, income, nutrition—practically all the good things of life; that he is doomed. 

According to statistical records, 95 percent of about forty countries in Africa and 8 in South Asia, once under imperialist domination, are poor. The imperialist policy of administration for exploitation, impoverished the inhabitants of these areas. So Netaji Bose's first concern was to throw off the foreign yoke, to end the British rule in India. Gandhiji and Tagore advocated the development of character among the exploited poor. Prof. Sen pleads for good opportunities for the poor to have more education, growth and health. The Marxists want the penniless poor to unite, to organise, to agitate and then bring about revolution, to usher in a complete change in the administration and distribution of property. The socialists in India, however, prefer gradualism, ownership of all wealth by the state and ensure equitable distribution. Gandhiji propounded the theory of 'trusteeship'. He expected the rich proprietors to hold all their assets as trustees of the society and under moral pressure to remain satisfied with only 12% profit from their total income. Swami Vivekananda, however, was more radical or militant in his prescription as cure of poverty, "Exploited people should stand up, fight and become men." Prof. Sen suggests as the first step towards eradication of poverty, for spending more on education, health, growth and — regulation of parts of the market, to avoid gross injustice. The solution is somewhat empherical as also time-consuming. 

India's backwardness is admitted on all hands. Only 52% percent of the population is literate. Women are subjected to gross economic injustice. Child labour is appaling. According to official statistics, 37% percent of the people live below poverty level. 

To make things worse, corruption is rampant, especially at the top with the criminalisation of politics. And India is financially in debt-trap, with unavoidable deficit financing of about 90 thousand crores unbridged. By allowing multinationals to carry on joint ventures in India we may have a short time remedy effect —but prices will ultimately go up and the cheap labour will be more exploited. So the Indian scene presents a dismal picture economically. 

Jawhar Yojona is a good scheme for self-employment. Such schemes explore new avenues and openings. They should be pursued to alleviate the acute unemployment among the educated. Similar schemes for those who live below poverty line are called for.

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WOMEN AND CHILD TRAFFICKING IN BANGLADESH -Essay

From the long past our human society is being led by the males. Women are under the jaws of depression. torture and deprivation. According to history, women in the long and recent past were made within four walls or kept under the cover of parda. Men treated them like daily commodities. Men are alluring women with the false hopes and they are trafficking them to different countries as workers in ignominious jobs. Many women go in the dark world and work in bad places. Minor children also are the victims of repression in the hands of the Miscreants. Minor boys and girls are abducted and sold in different countries. 

Many women, married or unmarried, are being transported to different agencies under the banner of employment. But in course of time they are employed as sex workers or 'al low jobs, For lack of education and self-consciousness women stay back in the progress of life and hardly understand the tricky game of the trafficking agencies. The simple-minded women are credulous to the alluring words of the culprits and fail victims of demolition of self-esteem and self-rights. Once the job seeker women are caught in the network of the miscreants, they can hardly get rid of the trafficking gang. 

A recent United Nations Population Fund (UNFP) report says that Bangladesh tops the world charts when it comes to violence committed against Its women by men. The constitution of Bangladesh includes an Act with which Bangladesh government can take punitive measures against trafficking and repression of women. Women education should be stressed first and social security for the child as well as child education should be ensured. Mass media, public propaganda, interactions of social views and awareness of existing law and order may help reduce women and child repression in our country. Women have got a new position in the society. They have gained an equal right. and privilege. There are women political leaders, lawyers, magistrates, judges, professors, teachers, officers and subordinate employees in Bangladesh. Women are not now lagging behind as they were in the past. More and more women are also taking up jobs and becoming economically independent and yet much is left to be done. 

Bangladesh has several laws specifically protecting women's rights to life and safety and for severely punishing the offenders. But no measure has been taken to strictly employment laws protecting women. As a result crimes perpetrated against women have increased. It Is hopeful that different socio-economic organizations have taken a laudable initiative to preserve the rights of women and children through constitution.

The Problems In The Cities- Composition / Essay

Most of the cities of our country have been founded without any wise plan. So, the problems in cities are numerous.